Machine for spinning, doubling, twisting, and the like, yarns, fibers, and the like



Sept. 15, 1931. 1-. E. ANDREW ET AL 1,323,533 I MACHINE FOR SPINNING,DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND

THE LIKE, YARNS, FIBERS, AND THE LIKE Filed Nov. 18, 1927 v 2Sheets-Sheet 1 bom 7/70/7745 Edm'n fin re p MQ/Ol? L dr gns'flefh QQALWSept. 15, 1931. T. E. ANDREW ET AL 1,823,538

MACHINE FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND- THE LIKE, YARNS, FIBERS,AND THE LIKE Y Filed Nov. l8 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A7e/or7 Zangsfrafh4/7765 Bancroff @51 7 1 El cia/W213 Patented Sept. 15, 1931 UNITEDSTATES.

PATENT OFFICE THOMAS EDWIN ANDREW AND MELON LANGSTRETH, OF ROCHDALE, ANDJAMES BANCROFT, OF ACCRINGTON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO DUNLOP COTTON MILLSLIMITED, OF ROCHDALE, ENGLAND MACHINE FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, TWISTING,AND THE LIKE, YARNS, FIBERS, AND THE LIKE Application filed November 18,1927, Serial No. 234,284, and in Great Britain April 13, 1 927.

This invention relates to spinning, twisting, doubling and the likemachines of the kind hereinafter called double twist ma chines adaptedto impart two or more twists to the roving, yarn, thread or the like,hereinafter called the yarn, at every single revolution of the spindle.

In this class of machine the yarn in transit during treatment is formedinto a loop held relatively fast at points adjacent the Wind oif spooland the take up spool respectively and the loop is rotated at its closedend so that one leg of the said loop rotates about the other. Thus, twotwists are imparted to the yarn, one between each respective relativelyfast point and the rotary point.

Hereinafter we have used the terms bobbin and reel and in order that thesignificance thereof may be appreciated, the use of the said terms isexplained in the following paragraph.

In ring and travellerand also in flier machines, the twisted yarn isinvariably wound onto the spool associated with those devices. Now inthis respect there are two main classes of double twist machines. Thesame being (as) those wherein the twisted yarn is wound onto the spoolassociated with the twisting devicesthe same sequence as.

in ring and traveller machines, and (1;) those wherein the said sequenceis reversed,

the twisting devices being associated with the spool of the untwistedyarn. This invention has particular reference to the latter class andhereinafter, in general, the term bobbin is used in connection with thespool carrying the untwisted yarn, and the term reel with the spoolwhereon the twisted.

yarn is wound.

There are several types of this latter class of double twist machines:our invention refers mainly .to improvements in that type of suchmachines wherein firstly; the yarn is led from the bobbin, through arotary part relative to which it is stationarily mounted, out at theside thereof and thence to the reel, and wherein, secondly, rotation ofthe bobbin is occasioned by unwinding. Of the points referred to in thesecond paragraph hereof the rotary point occurs where the yarn leavesthe spindle While the two relatively fast points occur, one between thesaid rotary point and the bobbin and the other between the said rotarypoint and the reel.

It will be apparent that to ensure a constant degree of twist an eventension in theyarn at all points is essential and it is an object ofthis invention to provide means whereby the tension in the yarn isoccasioned to the required degree and caused to be constant irrespectiveof extraneous conditions militating against such evenness of tension;such for instance as the tendency for the bobbin to rotate faster by itsmomentum than it would by the normal pull of-the arm-thus to decreasethe tension in the sai yarn.

\Vhile the opposing friction at the bearings of the bush orspool-hereinafter called the spool-of' the bobbin occasioned by theweight of the yarn thereon-tends to retard the rotation of the saidbobbinthereby tensioning the yarnwe have foundthat such friction,particularly at normal i. e., plain concentric bearings is insuflicientto provide the degree of tension required.

According to this invention, therefore, we do not rely wholly upon thefriction normal at ordinary bearings but preferably provide meanswhereby the same may be increased and/0r augmented in the requireddegree and manner; the said means preferably being actuated by orassociated with improved guiding and/or tensioning means which are aparticular feature of our said invention. Provision is made whereby thespindle may support the bobbin without transmitting rotation to it; andvarious other features of our invention will hereinafter becomeapparent.

In order that our invention may be more clearly understood and readilycarried into practical effect, the same will now be described withreference to the accompanying drawings, in which :Figure 1 illustratesmore or less dia rammatically the general principle of double twistmachines as manifest in apparatusaccording to one embodiment of ourinvention;

Figure 2 is a side view, partly in crosssection, of one embodiment ofour invention;

Figure 3 is a side view of a modificational construction Figure 4 is apart plan v1ew of Figure 3 Figure 5 shows a constructional detail whileFigure '6 shows a furtheirkletailed 'modification.

Referring particularly to Figure 1, the

yarn in transit during treatment-ethe-travel direction of the said yarnbeing indicated by the arrows in the drawings1s formed into a loop, heldrelatively fast at points a ad acent to the wind off spool a and b tothe take up spool b respectively and the loop is rotated at a point 0upon its closed end 0 so that one leg d' of the said loop rotates aboutthe other leg 6 thereof. Thus, two twists are imparted to the yarn, onebetween each respective relatively fast point-a and band the rotarypoint 0. 4

' Inthe embodiment of our invention illustrated in Figure 2, the packageor bobbin of yarn 1 to be twisted is carried on a parallel spool2'whereof the axis is at right angles bearing pins Gwhereby it issupported in complementary slots'7 vertically disposed in the saidextremities 4.

The tensioning arrangement 'as' exemplified in Figure 2- includes apivotal structure 8 fulcrumed at 9 upon the bracket 8, andextendingtransversel across the bobbin between the arms of t e said structure 8aguide bar 10 and a brake skid 11.

The guide bar 10 serves'several useful purposes. For instance, whileacting as a guide for the yarn to the bore of the spindle it constitutesthe first relatively fast point and obviates the possibility of thetwisting yarn breaking by entangling loose fibers upon the yarn on thebobbin. Further,

particularly'in association with the pivotal bracket, it also functionsto tension the yarn:

the said yarn inpassing over the bar causes the brake skid 11 to bepressed'against the surface of the bobbin of yarn and thus we createfriction at that point and also increase the friction at the bearings ofthe spool of the bobbin.

While the'efiect of such an arrangement may be such as to occasion therequired tension-advisably provision is'made whereby the said effect maybe accentuated.

'As exemplified in the drawings such proyi'sion may, for instance, beembodied'in meanswhereby (a) the retardation of the bobbin is increasedto increase the tension in the yarn or alternatively whereby (b) thetension in the yarn is increased to increase the retardation of thebobbin.

To exemplify, the pressure between the brake skid and the bobbin may beincreased a) as in Figure 53 by virtue of the spring 12 or as in Figures3 and l by virtue of the additional tension occasioned in the yarn byits deviation around the several bars 10 wherein that arrangement ischaracterized.

The deviation of the yarn about'lhe bars 10 creates in the yarn thedesired tension and in the construction illustrated in Figures 3 and atis exemplified this advantageous feature of our invention; namely, thatthe tension in the yarn may be readily varied for the purpose forinstance, without altering the spindle speed, of oceasioningdili'erences of characteristics between yarns of the same count orfolding or to accommodate yarns of different counts or foldings merelyby .varying the number of bars whereabout the "said yarn is caused topass.

A further advantageous feature of our invention exemplified particularlyin Figure 3, lies in this:that facility is provided to maintain the pathor disposition of the yarn, as seen in end elevation, substantiallyconstant throughout the period of un\vin(ling the nature of the saidangle or disposition of the yarn of course affecting to a certain degreethe tension created in the said yarn.

We will now proceed to vdescribe the means wherebyth'e bobbin is mountedstationarily upon the rapidly rotating driving spindle 3.

Referring again to Figure 2, in the preferred arrangement the bracket 5has a cylindrical extension 13 whereby it is supported upon ballbearings 11, whereof the inner races are fast upon the said extensionand whereof theouter races arefast within the spindle.

Themeans provided completely to obviate the possibility of rotation ofthe bobbin with the spindlecomprises, as shown in Figure 2, a weight 15perpendicularly dependent from the cylindrical extension 13.

To accommodate the yarn in'transit from the bobbin to the reel, the saidextension 13 is bored along its axis as shown at 16 and the drivingspind'lehas a hole 17 communicating with the'said bore.

It now remains to describe the path of the yarn. The said yarn passesfrom the bobbin over the bar or bars 10, through the bore 16 of thecylindrical extension .13 of the bracket 5, out through the hole 17 inthe spindle 3, and from thence to the reel.

The yarn between the spindle and the reel catenates around the bobbin ofthe yarn and, mainly to keep the said catenary clear of the same, wepreferably. provide a disc guide 18 over the edge of which the yarnpasses in transit between the said siyinille and-reel.

It is not to be construed that we are limited to the precise detailsdescribed either of the application of our invention or the particularmeans for carrying it into effect.

To exemplify: In general, the pivotal structure does not essentiallycomprise a wire or similar framework. As shown in Figures 3 and 4 forinstance, the arms 8 may be rather in the form of plate-like members orflat brackets.

Again, as further exemplified in those fig ures, instead of a brake skidrigid between the said arms we may prefer to utilize a roller 11rotatable therebetween. And it will be apparent that the said skid-rigidor rotarymay have or be provided with any convenient surface orcovering.

Or again, as exemplified in Figure 5, instead of the spool havingaxially extending pins 6 for its bearings, it may rotate upon an axle19, said axle being stationarily supported in the extremities 4 by thecoacting of its spigot20 with the recesses 21 formed in the saidextremities.

The mounting means may be arranged in any convenient manner, such forinstance as is indicated in our copending application Serial No.234,233, filed November 18, 1928.

And we may, further, provide facility to balance or partly to balancethe overhanging weight of the bobbin and associated parts, for instanceas is exemplified in Figure 6 the weight 15 may function also to thatend.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declarethat what we claim is 2-- 1. An apparatus of the type described whichcomprises a rotating spindle, a nonrotating bobbin carrier mounted onsaid spindle and having a yarn passage coaxial with said s indle, abobbin mounted transversely to t c axis of said spindle, tensioningmeans on said bobbin carrier serving to deflect said yarn between saidbobbin and said passage and braking means continuously actuated bysaid-deflecting means.

2. An" apparatus of the type described which comprises a rotatingspmdle, a nonrotating bobbin carrier mounted on said spindle and havinga yarn passage coaxial with the axis of said spindle, a bobbin mountedtransversely to the axis of said spindle, an arm pivoted at a fixedpoint on said bobbin carr er and having its free end resting on saidbobbin and tensionin means on said arm to deflect yarn outwardy of itsdirect path passing from said bobbin to said yarn passage.

3. n apparatus of the. t e described, which comprises a. rotatingspindle, a nonrotating bobbin carrier havin a yarn passage coaxial withthe axis 0 said spindle and a bobbin mounted on said carriertransversely to the axis ofsaid spindle, an arm pivoted on said carrierand havin its free end bearing against said bobbin an tensioning meanson said arm to deflect yarn in passing from said bobbin to said yarnpassage and to create a reaction pressure of said arm against saidbobbin.

4. An apparatus of the type described which comprises a bobbin carrierhaving a yarn passage, a bobbin mounted with its axis transverse to saidyarn passage, means on said carrier to rotatably support said bobbin, anarm pivoted on said carrier at a fixed point eccentrically to the axisof said bobbin and tiltable to frictionally engage said bobbin, and atensioning rod on said.

arm servin to deflect said yarn outwardly from its direct path from saidbobbin to said passage.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto signed our names.

THOMAS EDWIN ANDREW. MELON LANGSTRETH. JAMES BANGROFT.

